Criminal Defense

November 4, 2015

California Weighs Banning Concealed Handguns on Campuses

I was recently reported in the news that California is once again considering legislation that would completely ban concealed carry guns at colleges and schools in the state. Senate Bill 707, was introduced by Senator Lois Wolk (D-Davis). The idea for the bill came from university and college police, who say school officials should have more control over campus safety. Democrats were in support and Republicans opposed it, but lawmakers approved the measure in early September. The Bill is now headed to Gov. Jerry Brown’s desk. If he signs it, it will become law.

California’s “Gun-Free School Zone Act” (California Penal Code 626.9)

California already has some of the strictest gun laws in the country that cover gang-related activities, weapons one is not allowed to own (ie. assault rifles), and who may or may not purchase a gun. What you may not realize, however, is that current California law makes it illegal to possess a firearm within 1,000 feet of a school or college campus without permission from administrators. See CA Penal Code 626.9 (enacted in 1995). The law does include exemptions for retired law enforcement officers and those with concealed carry permits.

Penalties for violation include a two to five year imprisonment. Discharging a firearm in a school zone raises that sentence to five to seven years.

Senate Bill 707 would basically expand this law and prohibit those who do have a conceal and carry permit from bringing a gun within 1000 feet from schools and universities.

California Concealed Firearm Permits (California Penal Code 26150 & 26155)

It is normally a crime to carry a loaded or unloaded gun in public in California unless you have a permit. You may be able to apply for a permit with the state if:

You are determined to have good moral character (ie. no prior convictions);
Good cause exists because you can demonstrate you and your family are in immediate danger;
You meet legal residency requirements;
You have completed an acceptable gun safety course.

A concealed gun must still be a legal gun. California bans the possession of assault weapons and rifles. See California Penal Code 30600. Additionally, a permit for conceal and carry may not necessarily carry over to other states if you are traveling. Some states have reciprocity with others. California in particular, does not recognize out-of-state conceal and carry permits. Continue reading

October 30, 2015

Fraud Case Alleges Hundreds of Surgeries By Non-Doctor

by David M. Boertje

An orthopedic surgeon, his lawyer, another doctor, and 12 other defendants (15 in total) have been charged in a California health-care fraud conspiracy in Los Angeles. This past Thursday, Los Angeles county prosecutors handed down indictments for Dr. Munir Uwaydah and the associates who helped cover his illicit activity. The conspiracy ring is alleged to have prescribed unnecessary expensive medications, billed two-minute doctor’s appointments as hour-long examinations, and doctored MRI results and medical records to justify unnecessary operations. It is also alleged that Dr. Uwaydah allowed his physician’s assistant, Peter Nelson, to perform surgeries at an Orange County hospital in 2005. Dr. Uwaydah’s medical license was revoked two years ago after several earlier allegations.

The conspiracy ring is estimated to have cheated insurance companies out of $150 million. It is described as one of the largest health-care schemes in state history. Uwaydah and Nelson are charged with 21 counts of aggravated mayhem — each for a different patient. The District Attorney stated that this is a vast underestimation of the hundreds of procedures that Nelson performed. Nelson is being held on a $21 million bail. The office manager, Kelly Soo Park, 49, is also being held on $18.5 million bail in the fraud case for her involvement in hiding Uwaydah’s money from investigators.

Health Care Fraud in California

October 28, 2015

Two Parents Arrested After Child Found in ‘Deplorable Conditions’

by David M. Boertje

The parents of two children allegedly found in ‘deplorable conditions’ were arrested in San Jacinto, according to the Riverside County Sheriff’s Department. Deputies and Child Protective Services (CPS) arrived at the 1600 block of Santa Fe Avenue after receiving a report about child abuse. The report to CPS came from an employee of the children’s school district. Authorities said they found two children “deliberately confined” to a room under “deplorable conditions” without access to a restroom or basic necessities. Deputies believe the children lived in that condition for more than one year. It was determined that this confinement occurred only during night time.

The children’s parents, Emily Tardy, 29, and Steven Crane, 38, were arrested for alleged child abuse. The Riverside County District Attorney’s Office decided not to charge the couple with felony child abuse and instead charge them with misdemeanor child endangerment. Both are being held on $35,000 bail. They each pleaded not guilty to all counts and are scheduled to be back in court on Oct. 9.

California Penal Code 273(a) – Child Endangerment

October 23, 2015

Two Missing Boys Believed to be Abducted by Mother after Visit to California

by David M. Boertje

A search is underway for two missing boys who detectives believe were abducted by their mother at the end of August. Sage, 14 and Isaac Cook, 9, reportedly visited their mother Faye Ku in California. The boys live in Washington State with their father, who has had full custody since the couple divorced in 2009. Ku allegedly gave her ex-husband a “supervised visit” court order to force him to allow the boys to visit her. She left a written letter at her home blaming her ex-husband for trying to control her and her children. The boys were last seen at Los Angeles International Airport on August 28.

According to court documents, this is not the first time Ku has tried to take her boys. Back in June, she was arrested and charged with custodial interference for trying to board a flight with her boys to Taiwan.

What is Custodial Interference?

October 20, 2015

SANDAG Report: Crime Rate is Steady but Robberies Spike in La Jolla

by David M. Boertje

According to a San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) report, the San Diego region’s overall crime rate, violent-crime rate, and property-crime rate has remained relatively stable, and is even down 1 percent. While some categories of violent crime showed a few upticks, it is telling that the crime rate in the region has remained stable given the legislative changes enacted in the recent years that have allowed ex-offenders returning to local communities. A total of 5,335 violent crimes (those involving homicide, rape, robbery, and aggravated assault) were reported to local police in the region between January and June of 2015; an average of 29 per day. Domestic violence incidents are also up 4% from 2014.

While property crimes such as burglaries are reported to have dropped by approximately 13% throughout the San Diego region, the La Jolla area has seen an increase in crime. Reported robberies in La Jolla have doubled from five to 10, and rapes have increased from zero to eight incidents the first half of the year. Thefts over $400 and motor vehicle thefts have also increased from 49 to 54 incidents.

What is Robbery?

In California, Penal Code 211 defines the crime of robbery as taking personal property that belongs to someone else from the victim’s person or immediate presence, and against the victim’s will, through the use of force or fear.

Robbery is different from theft in that it must occur when the victim/property owner is present during the crime. The crime of robbery can also occur during a burglary of a home if the residents happen to be inside at the time. Robbery is always a felony under California law.

Robbery is considered a first degree felony if:

It is committed against any driver or passenger of a vehicle
It takes place in an inhabited structure
It takes place at an ATM after someone has just used it

It is punishable by up to six years imprisonment, a fine of $10,000, or felony formal probation.

Robbery in the second degree is committed whenever it does not meet the definition of first degree robbery. It is punishable by up to five years imprisonment, felony probation, and a $10,000 fine. Continue reading

October 16, 2015

Salinas Councilman Charged With Kidnapping, False Imprisonment, and Felony Domestic Violence

by David M. Boertje

Earlier this month, the news reported Salinas Councilman Jose Castaneda’s new slew of legal problems, and this time they go beyond whether or not he is legally holding two elected offices. Salinas police announced that Castaneda was arrested and charged with kidnapping, false imprisonment, and felony domestic violence. According to reports, Castaneda was waiting for his ex-girlfriend when she arrived at her home on Friday night. He allegedly forced the woman into a van, drove away to another location, and held her hostage for several hours. During that time, police believe he assaulted her, leaving her with the bruises that led to the felony charge of domestic violence. Castaneda allegedly eventually released the woman and allowed her to walk home.

Castaneda and his attorney, Anthony Prince, eventually contacted police and said he would turn himself in to police. They asked police if it could wait until after a press conference Castaneda had scheduled for Thursday morning. Police took him into custody at the press conference. If convicted of the felony charges, California law would disallow Castaneda from holding any state office, and he would also face the legal ramifications associated with those charges. His bail is currently set for $100,000.

California False Imprisonment Law

October 9, 2015

Three Deputies Face Criminal Charges for the Beating of Francis Pusok

by David M. Boertje

Back in April, we discussed the beating of Francis Pusok as he was trying to escape from police on horseback in the Southern California desert. Now, the three California deputies from San Bernardino County, Nicholas Downey, Michael Phelps, and Charles Foster will face criminal charges in the beating of Pusok. Each were charged with one count of assault by a public officer, and all three deputies are scheduled to appear in court for arraignment on Sept. 8. If convicted, each deputy faces between 16 months to three years in prison. They all remain on paid administrative leave pending the outcome.

Pusok’s attorney James Terrell believes eight of the 10 deputies should have been charged (not just the three involved in the incident). The other seven deputies who responded are not being criminally charged because of what was said on the voice recorders that the deputies carry on their belts. The helicopter footage that caught the incident indicated that Pusok appeared to have been kicked 17 times, punched 37 times, and struck with batons four times, a review of the video showed, and 13 blows appeared to be to the head. Mr. Pusok did file a lawsuit in response to the beating and settled it with San Bernardino County for $650,000. There has also been an internal probe of 10 deputies, along with an FBI civil rights probe.

Help for Police Misconduct

September 30, 2015

Placer Sheriff’s Office Receives Grant to Help Curb Underage Drinking

by David M. Boertje

In lieu of the start of the school year for many college and school-aged students, the Placer County Sheriff’s Office in Northern California has received a $50,000 grant from the California Department of Alcoholic Beverage Control (“ABC”) for programs to combat underage drinking and alcohol sales to minors. The Roseville Police Department will participate in the grant, assisting the Sheriff’s office in providing training regarding alcohol-related crimes and their effects for school staff members, parents, students, and the community. The Sheriff’s Office plans to target ABC licensed stores that sell alcoholic beverages to minors and obviously intoxicated adult patrons. Minor-decoy and shoulder-tap operations also will be conducted countywide in an effort to reduce minors’ access to alcohol.

Counties throughout the state are cracking down on alcohol sales to minors. Earlier this summer, an undercover operation across the state called Operation “Shoulder Tap” led to the arrest or citation of over 400 people in San Diego for purchasing alcohol for a minor.

Minors in Possession of Alcohol

September 25, 2015

Delays in California Death Penalty to be Decided by Higher Court

by David M. Boertje

As I mentioned last month, the recent Supreme Court ruling upholding the constitutionality of a drug called Midalozam for use in lethal injection has brought the debate about the death penalty in California back into the spotlight. Back in 2006, a district judge stopped all death-row executions in the state (citing the delays in the system as being unconstitutional), and now California has the largest death row backlog in the nation. Now the topic of California’s death penalty has come up again – this time not in the context of the type of drugs that may be used, but to the original debate of wait time that an inmate faces while on death row in the state.

Last year, U.S. District Judge Cormac Carney explicitly ruled that California’s death penalty system was unconstitutional in Jones v. Chappel, smiting the long wait that comes before execution. California Attorney General Kamila Harris appealed this decision and seeks to overturn it. As a result, on August 31, the 9th Circuit Court of Appeals will hear the oral arguments over the constitutionality of the death penalty in Jones v. Davis.

The Delayed Process

September 23, 2015

Five in Orange County Arrested in Fraud and Identity Theft Ring

by David M. Boertje

Earlier this month, five suspects from Santa Ana, Orange County were arrested for their suspected connection with a fraud and identity theft ring. Orange County Sheriff’s Deputies arrested Nhan Hoang Pham, 29, of Fountain Valley, Lam Thanh Bui, 30, of Garden Grove, Chieu Bach Nguyen, 29, of Santa Ana, and Keeta Thilauan, 25, for multiple alleged thefts and burglaries in the past several months. A fifth suspect, according to inmate records, is listed under two names.

The SWAT team and Sheriff’s investigators issued search warrants and did a parole and probation check on the suspects. The team raided the home of the five and found weapons, a half pound of methamphetamine, several thousand dollars, and gift cards. They also found fraudulently obtained credit cards, identity theft profiles, computers, cell phones, and data storage devices. Authorities believe the ring is operating throughout California in conjunction with a larger crime ring. They further believe there are hundreds of potential identity theft victims that they are trying to identify through financial information from the searches.

California Identity Theft Laws (CA Penal Code 530.5)