Articles Tagged with criminal defense attorney

by

If you are wondering if it is possible to be charged with a crime and imprisoned when you clearly did not commit that crime, you should know that, under certain circumstances, it most definitely is. That is because under California law, if you so much as encourage, assist, induce, or counsel someone else who does commit the crime, you could be found just as liable as the perpetrator. So, even if you are nowhere near the scene of the crime when it occurs, you could be found guilty of aiding and abetting and could receive the same sentence as the person who committed the crime. California’s laws are equivalent to federal law when it comes to aiding and abetting a crime, meaning you could be federally charged with the crime for helping the principal in their actions if it’s a federal offense. 

Crime Elements

We are talking about a very serious charge. To be sure,  there are specific components that must be proven in order for a prosecutor to get a guilty verdict:

  • There was an underlying crime.
  • The one aiding and abetting was aware that the intent was to commit the underlying crime.
  • The one aiding and abetting had the intent to help the principal commit the crime in question.
  • There was clear assistance/participation in the commission of the underlying criminal activity in the form of advice or the provision of some form of aid.

When a prosecutor proves beyond a reasonable doubt that someone knowingly contributed to making the criminal offense a successful undertaking, a guilty verdict could be forthcoming.

Examples

What are some examples of ways in which someone could aid and abet a crime and find themselves facing the same penalties as the person who actually committed the crime? Just a few examples include:

  • Helping the criminal to cover up fraud;
  • Enticing a victim into an area in order to allow someone else to assault the victim;
  • Providing a weapon that one knows is intended to be used in the commission of a crime;
  • Being a lookout while someone else robs a store;
  • Receiving goods that you know are stolen;
  • Driving a getaway vehicle after a bank robbery.

Being an Accessory After the Fact

What if someone provides assistance to a criminal after a crime has been committed? That could lead to criminal charges of being an accessory after the fact. Examples include:

  • Disposing of evidence of a crime;
  • Providing a false alibi to cover someone’s tracks;
  • Allowing a criminal to hide from police in your home;
  •  Helping a criminal to escape by loaning them your car or giving them money;
  • Making false statements to police.

Continue reading

by

While there are those who assert that racial discrimination is an atrocious—albeit ancient chunk of American history, there are more than a few people of color who beg to differ that it has been alleviated in modern times. Discrimination based on race, ethnicity, national origin, and religion can be debilitating in all kinds of settings, none more so than in the world of criminal justice. Racial profiling by police and similar agencies has been documented to target people of color for stops, arrests, and incarceration.

 

Fear Behind the Wheel

 

If you have heard of the “crime” of driving while Black or brown, you probably know that one chilling part of life for minority populations in this country is the fear of being pulled over by racist law enforcement officers for tiny or nonexistent traffic infractions, only to then experience escalated violent interactions. That is because, all too often, law enforcement officers associate people of color with crime, making traffic stops and other interactions more likely than for white people.

 

Constitutional Violations?

 

The sad truth is that racial profiling is not restricted to a single segment of the law enforcement community, one particular race, or just one section of the country. In recent years the FBI targeted supposed Black Identity Extremists (BIE) with surveillance maneuvers that the agency has refused to make public. In excess of 18,000 law enforcement agencies have been alerted to the threat of attacks on police by BIE, despite any real evidence that Blacks have been attached to any such structured movement. Similarly, Asian Americans who work in the sciences have been scrutinized and even arrested based largely on their ethnicity. This particular discrimination is rooted in what the former Trump Administration called the “China Initiative,” which continues to operate under the Biden administration. 

 

Meanwhile, Latino populations report more and more targeting by law enforcement, coming as the rise in anti-immigrant attitudes grows more vocal. Brown-skinned Americans fear being unfairly suspected of crimes, mistakenly deported, or worse yet, becoming one more number in the growing statistics showing that the number of Latinos killed by police and/or ICE agents is abruptly climbing. Middle Eastern Americans, too, have undergone more than their fair share of racial profiling as federal raids on communities of color continue to diminish public confidence in the law enforcement community. Racial profiling and its inherent domino effects can permanently uproot families, careers, and futures for blameless Americans of color, primarily because of the way others perceive them.

 

California Law

 

Racial profiling has been illegal in California for nearly a decade, prohibiting the practice and requiring reporting to the AG’s office of both pedestrian and vehicle stops, as well as any complaints of profiling. There is also an advisory board that is charged with examining research, data, and best practices in this area and sharing their conclusions with the public and policymakers. But regardless of laws on the books, racial profiling is baked into the mentalities of many Americans, some of whom work in law enforcement.

 

How to Respond to Racial Profiling

 

While it may feel impossible to stomach, it is important to remain calm in the face of law enforcement racial profiling. Obey officers’ demands and save your opinions for your attorney when you get the chance. Continue reading

by

If being a hothead while you were behind the wheel led to an arrest, you could be facing some serious charges. Now, more than ever, you need an experienced criminal defense attorney looking out for your rights. 

What is Road Rage?

Road rage is displayed in many ways, none of which are acceptable under California law. Even an incident that does not result in injuries could land you in the slammer for as long as 90 days, in addition to some pretty hefty fines and impacts on your driving record and your ability to drive at all. Surely, misdemeanor reckless and aggressive driving charges are not worth it. Your anger, regardless of any provocations by other drivers, is your responsibility, and the repercussions of losing your temper may be more than you bargained for. What could get you into this kind of legal trouble? A number of aggressive behaviors could emerge into road rage, including;

  • Speeding;
  • Veering in and out of traffic lanes;
  • Tailgating;
  • Erratic driving;
  • Intimidating other drivers ;
  • Brake checking;
  • Street racing;
  • Refusing to let other motorists merge.

When Rage Leads to Harm

These actions are dangerous and can lead to accidents. Some other very serious examples of road rage—such as getting out of your vehicle to fight or displaying a gun, knife, bat, or another weapon—even the vehicle itself– to threaten motorists, can be even more frightening, and the outcomes can include serious physical harm or even death. The number of road rage events involving guns has escalated by nearly five times in the last decade in this state. Charges of assault with a deadly weapon, battery, vehicular manslaughter, or even murder could lead to felony charges, meaning you could face years in prison and thousands of dollars in fines.

Keep Your Cool

Without question, it can be difficult to remain calm when dealing with congested traffic, roadwork, discourteous drivers, and the ever-present Nevada heat.  Even so, there are no winners in road rage incidents, so keeping your cool benefits you as much as others on the road.  How can you manage it? Some tips include:

  • Give yourself all the time you need to get where you’re headed.  Time crunches make many people uneasy and more inclined to road rage;
  • Give other drivers the benefit of the doubt if they cut you off or do something else irritating–— mistakes happen, and it is not personal;
  • Show courtesy yourself so others do not react badly to your driving;
  • If someone on the road is pushing your buttons, try to elude them by slowing down or staying out of their way. Hopefully, they will be out of sight shortly.

Continue reading

by

Many parents may not appreciate the fact that dating violence fits under the umbrella of domestic violence. This is a reality that both teens and young adults deal with every day. Dating violence involves both victims and abusers. While it may be impossible to envision your child as a perpetrator of domestic violence, being aware of the signs and symptoms of abusive behavior is crucial if such behavior is to be eliminated before it becomes a pattern. By the same token, teens who have been falsely accused of such behaviors need protection. If your teen has been accused of this kind of behavior and has been charged with criminal actions, it will be necessary to provide a strong defense in order to avoid serious penalties. 

Dating Violence is Widespread

Teen dating violence (TDV) is a serious issue, which is why California statute is so harsh. It is defined as any verbal, emotional, physical, economic, technological, stalking, or sexual abuse among adolescents ages 10 to 24. Consider these national statistics: 

  • 1.5 million high schoolers are directly affected by dating violence annually.
  • One in four eighth and ninth graders report having suffered dating violence, and nearly 10% report having experienced sexual abuse.
  • One in ten students in high school report being physically harmed by someone with whom they are in a romantic relationship.
  • The majority of students who report incidents of acquaintance rape say drugs or alcohol were being used at the time of the incident.

Penalties

A guilty conviction for domestic battery in California could mean your teen will be jailed for up to a year, in addition to being fined $2,000. If your teen is charged with domestic violence, it is a felony, and the time behind bars jumps up to as long as four years while the fine triples to $6,000. Sexual assault could face four years in prison and a $10,000 fine, and a rape conviction could mean up to eight years in prison and $25,000 in fines.

Before Dating Violence Becomes an Issue

Eight in 10 parents surveyed report they do not know much about teen violence, or they do not believe teen violence is an issue. This reveals the need for parents to learn about and intervene with the issue before it becomes a problem! 

  • Model and discuss what healthy social relationships look like and the feeling they engender before teens start dating.
  • Teach teens effective and assertive communication skills.
  • Discuss the warning signs of DTV, such as extreme demands, jealousy, and controlling behaviors.
  • Make it a point to talk to your teen often about their social life, and provide your teen with the knowledge they need to make healthy decisions.
  • Encourage teens to talk to you right away if things do not feel right in their relationships, and then listen without judgment.
  • If you suspect a problem, get help.

Continue reading

by

With two million Americans in jail or prison and another three million under some kind of correctional control, It makes sense that criminal justice system reforms are constantly being studied and experimented with. Incarcerating more people than any other country does not seem to be working. What will it take to make a real difference? 

Changes are Needed

Revision of policies and practices is sorely needed, as it seems all of the get tough on crime bombast has only led to the current problem of over-incarceration in this country. What changes are we seeing in various states across America? 

Addressing Racial Disparity

Racial disparity in the criminal justice system is a harsh reality.  Consider Black people alone: though they comprise just over 13% of the population, they are involved in over 20% of fatal shootings by police, nearly half of the wrongful convictions that are later exonerated, and they make up over one-third of all executions as a result of the death penalty. In California, they are addressing the problem with the Racial Justice Act for All measure, which gives individuals who have received judgments or convictions earlier than 2021 to seek relief if there is proof of racial bias in their case.

Drug Policy Reforms 

In Kentucky, people who have been charged with low-level drug activity and are eligible for a new program are having their cases put on hold temporarily while they focus on treatment programs that address substance use disorders or mental health disorders. From there, they are assisted through outpatient services, including housing assistance, vocational training and placement, education, and behavioral or cognitive treatments.

Many states have decriminalized the use of marijuana, which will have a huge impact on the number of incarcerated individuals. States include Maryland, Arkansas, South Dakota, Missouri, and North Dakota; Colorado decriminalized some psychedelics, only the second state to take such action after Oregon did so in 2020.

Youth Protections

The age for detention in Maryland inched up to 13 in all but exceptional cases, and incarceration for youth offenders has been eliminated as a penalty for the majority of misdemeanors—excluding gun violations– and for straightforward probation violations.  Maryland also opened more passageways so a greater portion of the youth who are convicted of nonviolent offenses can participate in diversion programs. In Indiana, children under age 12 can no longer be detained; instead, they can take advantage of other interventions directed toward younger offenders. Life sentences for young offenders have been eliminated in Tennessee, and Wyoming is focusing on collecting and standardizing all information related to the juvenile justice program in order to better track offenders and their success or lack thereof.

California’s Reform Measures

California is taking the lead in some important reforms, as well.  Senate Bill 731 is one critical piece of legislation that was recently signed into law. It permanently seals virtually all convictions if an individual completes their sentence and stays out of trouble for an additional four years. Other important changes to California law include:

  • The end of sentences with mandatory minimums associated with non-violent drug crimes;
  • Limits to gang enhancement laws;
  • The availability of good behavior credits for individuals in mental health treatment facilities;
  • Retroactive repeal of sentence enhancements in certain situations hat had previously been excluded.

Continue reading

by

A reportedly upstanding member of the community swears they saw you commit a crime. How can you possibly defend yourself against an eyewitness account? Of course, any criminal charge is serious business; eyewitness testimony against you is never a good thing. The fact is, however, that eyewitness testimony may not be as iron-clad as you would imagine. A good defense attorney knows that there is a lot of research repudiating the trustworthiness of such testimony. 

Can Eyewitness Testimony be Trusted?

Multiple studies over recent decades have revealed that the accuracy of eyewitness testimony in criminal trials leaves a lot to be desired. Regardless of how confident a given witness is, mistakes occur; it is just the nature of memory in human beings. Moreover, visual perceptions, when combined with memory, combine to make this type of testimony one of the very least reliable!  The truth is that a significant number of wrongful convictions—proven to be erroneous through DNA and other evidence after the fact—were based primarily on eyewitness testimony. In one study, researchers discovered that over 70% of overturned convictions were originally based on eyewitness testimony, and in over 30% of those cases, there were multiple eyewitnesses whose testimony was demonstrably wrong.

Problems With  Memory

Some may believe that memory is similar to a video recording, but this analogy could not be further from the truth. Remembering, according to renowned researchers, is more analogous to putting the pieces of a puzzle together. As a witness is questioned by law enforcement or attorneys, pieces of actual memories may be inadvertently conflated to match the questioner’s words and information, leading to inaccurate recollections. Myriad other factors can impact memory, including:

  • Minimal time frames in which to witness a crime;
  • A witness’s anxiety during the criminal event or when endeavoring to identify someone;
  • Disguises used by criminals;
  • Weapons wielded at the scene that distracted witnesses;
  • A lack of distinctive visual characteristics in the perpetrator;
  • Inadequate viewing time during the identification process.

The Loftus Study

One study examined memory errors and the conviction with which subjects held to their flawed recollections. For this research. subjects were told three true accounts and one false one about events that had occurred earlier in their lives. Relatives of the subjects provided particulars for the false story in order to make it more credible. About one-third of subjects believed the false event had actually transpired, despite it being wholly fictitious. These individuals honestly believed that they remembered an event that had never actually occurred. Continue reading

by

The best thing that you can do after you are arrested for a crime is to get yourself armed with the most talented and experienced criminal defense attorney near you. For residents of San Diego, the San Diego criminal defense attorney David M. Boertje has been committed to helping people who are charged with crimes obtain successful results such as the dismissal of a case, securing a not guilty verdict, having the sentence reduced, or negotiating the most advantageous plea bargain.

What are Your Rights and Options After You are Convicted of a Crime?

There is only one word that anyone who is facing criminal charges dreads hearing. The word is ‘guilty.’ Depending on the sentence you are facing for a guilty verdict, the rest of your life may be affected and any prospects of a positive future in limbo. It can feel overwhelming and even sickening if the jury agrees that you are guilty of the crimes with which you have been charged.

The good news is that there are legal avenues that may apply to you and could lessen the impact of a guilty verdict. A seasoned and savvy San Diego criminal defense lawyer will be able to identify these and fight for the best solution for your situation.

When a guilty verdict is handed down, you will enter into the sentencing phase of your trial. Your attorney may argue on your behalf to make the case that you should have the lightest sentence available. Still, there are other legal methods that could be available to help you change the direction of your case. These include:

  • Expungement: After you have served your time and completed the terms of your sentence it may be a possibility to have your criminal conviction removed from your record through expungement.
  • Motion to Withdraw a Guilty Plea or a New Trial: These motions may be able to put your conviction on the back burner.
  • Modification of Sentence: When probation results from a conviction, there will be established terms that you must follow to stay on probation and out of jail. Your attorney may be able to argue in your favor, for an adjustment of those terms.
  • Appeal: When errors were made during your trial, it may be possible to appeal the guilty verdict you received. If a successful appeal takes place you could change the course of your life by overturning your conviction.

The bottom line is that a guilty verdict does not always mean that your case is done and you are out of options. There may be ways to respond and rework the outcome.  Continue reading

by

A 24-year-old woman was seriously injured when she was hit by a flying object while walking to her car in Carmel Valley. According to authorities, the incident took place in the parking lot located at 12600 Torrey Bluff Drive at approximately 9:45 p.m. The woman was with friends when a dark-colored SUV drove past and a person in the car threw an object out of an open window, striking the woman. She was hit in the eye and her injuries were so severe that she reportedly sustained permanent orbital-bone damage.

 

Now, investigators are asking the community to help identify the person who threw the object. If found, the individual will be facing felony battery charges. Currently, there is no description of the individual. Using surveillance footage from around the area where the attack happened, the authorities are trying to look for clues as to who did it. They are not getting much help because they have yet to find video documentation of the incident. The San Diego Police Department does believe that the assault was unprovoked. 

 

Anyone who has information on the incident has been asked to call San Diego Country Crimes Stoppers or to go online and provide their feedback. All contact with the agency is anonymous, and an individual with helpful information may be eligible for a monetary award of as much as $1,000.

 

What is the Orbital-bone of the Eye?

 

The cup-shaped bone that encapsulates your eye is what makes up the eye socket. The structure of the eye socket is shaped by seven different bones. The bones protect the eye and give it a place to sit within the face. Muscles for eye movement, tear glands, nerves, blood vessels, and ligaments are also held within the eye socket. When the eye socket sustains an injury like a fracture, 28% of these cases will result in damage to the eye and some amount of vision impairment.

 

All of the seven bones are vulnerable to being fractured, or only a few may be damaged depending on the details of an accident. The type of fracture that results will then be classified into one of three categories based on how the fracture took place and how the bones respond to the impact. When a person sustains an eye fracture, the victim may experience any of the following symptoms:

 

  • Reduced vision
  • Seeing double
  • Swelling
  • Pain
  • Bruising 
  • Bleeding around the eye
  • An eye that tears up
  • Nausea
  • Vomiting
  • Sunken eye or a protruding eye
  • Loss of eye movement

 

For some eye fractures, surgery will be required. In other cases, surgery is unnecessary and the injury can heal with time. 

Continue reading

by

Three people ignoring California’s stay-at-home order and violating the beach closures were arrested. According to Lt., Amber Baggs of the San Diego Country Sheriff’s Department, the three individuals were participating in a rally held at Moonlight Beach. 

When authorities encountered people walking along the beach they told them about the county public health order. While the deputies were explaining the situation, the individuals who were violating the order just sat down. The deputies provided the protestors with multiple opportunities to comply but they refused and as a result, were put under arrest.

Others in the group of protestors broke apart and headed toward Swami’s Beach Park where they eventually left the area and were not subject to legal action by the authorities. The protest was organized by Crista Anne Curtis, and she called the event “The Surf’s Up Shred the Tidal Wave of Tyranny” protest. This was the second event that Curtis organized. 

In addition to this beach protest, there was another one planned at the Pacific Beach lifeguard station by a different activist. Naomi Soria, who had previously organized a similar march in downtown San Diego, used social media to get the word out about the event. She called her planned beach protest “A Day of Liberty San Diego Freedom Rally.”

Effective March 19, Governor Gavin Newsom’s Executive Order N-33-20 declared a state of emergency in California and directed all Californians to stay at home. Soria is looking at charges brought forth by the San Diego Police Department to the city attorney’s office for violating Code 8665.

What is Code 8665?

Code 8665 states that if an individual willfully disobeys any provisions or lawful orders and regulations by the state they will be guilty of a misdemeanor. If convicted of the misdemeanor charges, they will be fined up to $1,000, or they may be sent to prison for up to six months. In some situations, they can face both the fine and imprisonment.

The First Amendment of the U.S. Constitution guarantees all Americans freedom of religion, speech, freedom of the press, the right to assembly, and the right to petition the government. The public health order infringes on the right to assembly, but there are many legal minds that believe the courts would side with the public health order. The government has vast, and expansive powers during a public health crisis.

While others say there is a significant difference between requiring an infected person to be quarantined versus wide-spread demands that healthy, low-risk individuals also essentially be quarantined. Mass lockdowns encroaches on American’s most fundamental rights as well as the freedom to move and travel. 

Have You Been Charged With a Misdemeanor in San Diego?

Since all of California is still under the stay-at-home order, it is becoming more and more common for residents of the state to want their freedoms back. Incidents were stepping out to enjoy the beach or to congregate in large groups is being monitored by the authorities and threats of arrest or actual detentions are on the rise. If you have been arrested for violation of Code 8665, contact the Law Offices of David M. Boertje immediately. Continue reading

by

Individuals arrested for driving under the influence (DUI) in California are now required to have an ignition interlock device (IID) installed in their motor vehicle after arrest. Effective January 1, 2019, an individual facing DUI charges will be able to maintain unlimited driving privileges while their regular license is suspended so long as the IID is installed in this or her motor vehicle.

Changes to the Vehicle Code

Senate Bill § 1046, signed into law by former Governor Jerry Brown, amends the Vehicle Code to require individuals convicted of DUI to install an IID on their vehicle for at least six months following their conviction.

What is an IID?

According to California’s Department of Motor Vehicles, an IID is about the size of a cell phone and is connected or wired to your vehicle’s ignition. The IID requires a breath sample before the engine will start. If the device detects alcohol on the driver’s breath, the engine will not start. The results of the failed test are also sent to the court, including the probation or parole officers assigned to your case, triggering a violation of a bail, probation, or parole condition. You will be asked to pull over and stop driving while you conduct a repeat test to make sure there is no alcohol in your system.

Duration of IID in Vehicle Depends on Conviction Record

The general rule is, if it is your first DUI conviction and no passenger or pedestrian got hurt, you may be offered the option to choose between installing an IID for six months with full driving privileges or not installing an IID but having a restricted (or suspended) license for one year. If a passenger or pedestrian gets hurt because you were driving under the influence, you will be required to install an IID in your vehicle for six months.

Repeat offenders will need to install and maintain an IID for more time. Second DUI conviction will require you to install an IID for one year. A third DUI conviction will require you to install an IID for two years. A fourth or subsequent DUI conviction will require an IID installation for three or more years. Continue reading

Contact Information
SAN DIEGO OFFICE
501 W Broadway #800
San Diego, CA 92101
Phone: (619) 229-1870Fax: (760) 230-5888Toll Free: (888) 476-0901Email: dboertje@boertjelaw.com
NORTH COUNTY OFFICE
1808 Aston Ave #235
Carlsbad, CA 92008
Phone: (760) 476-0901Fax: (760) 230-5888Toll Free (888) 476-0901
We accept the following credit cards: Credit Cards Icons

This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of Service apply.

Please do not include any confidential or sensitive information in a contact form, text message, or voicemail. The contact form sends information by non-encrypted email, which is not secure. Submitting a contact form, sending a text message, making a phone call, or leaving a voicemail does not create an attorney-client relationship.

Copyright © 2024, David M. Boertje
JUSTIA Law Firm Blog Design